Dienstag, 26. April 2016
Der heilige Altvater Paisios über das Osterfasten
- Altvater, wie kann ich mich in der Vierzigtägigen Fastenzeit besser in der Enthaltsamkeit üben?
- Die Weltlichen bemühen sich jetzt in der vierzigtägigen Fastenzeit auf eine Art die Enthaltsamkeit zu beachten, während wir Mönche immer auf sie achten müssen. Aber am Wichtigsten ist es, zuerst die seelischen Leidenschaften zu beachten und danach erst die körperlichen. Denn, wenn jemand den körperlichen Übungen Vorrang gibt und nicht darum kämpft, die seelischen Leidenschaften auszumerzen, dann tut er gar nichts. Einmal hat ein Weltlicher ein Kloster am Anfang der vierzigtägigen Fastenzeit besucht und ein Mönch verhielt sich ihm gegenüber ungehalten, hartherzig. Doch der Arme hatte eine gute Denkweise und rechtfertigte ihn. Danach kam er zu mir und sagte mir: "Ich nehme ihm das nicht übel, Pater. Sieh, er war noch (beeinflusst) von der Dreitägigen (strenge dreitägige Fastenzeit zum Beginn der Osterfastenzeit)!" Wenn die Dreitägige, die er gemacht hatte, spirituell gewesen wäre, würde er eine spirituelle Sanftheit besitzen und mit dem anderen etwas gutmütiger reden. Aber er hat sich bloß aus Egoismus dazu gedrängt, die Dreitägige durchzustehen und deswegen war ihm danach alles zuwider.
- Altvater, worüber soll ich in der Vierzigtägigen Fastenzeit nachdenken?
- An die Passion (das Leiden), das Opfer Christi sollst du denken. Wenn wir Mönche auch immer die Passion Christi leben müssen, weil uns darin jeden Tag die verschiedenen Troparia (Hymnen), alle Gottesdienste, behilflich sind.
Zur Großen Osterfastenzeit wird uns die größte Gelegenheit dazu gegeben, unseren (geistlichen) Kampf zu führen und intensiver an der erlösenden Passion unseres Herrn teilzuhaben, mit Metanoia (Reue und Umkehr) und Metanoien (tiefe Verbeugungen), mit der Trennung von den Leidenschaften und dem Verringern der Nahrung, aus Liebe zu Christus.
Lasst uns, so gut wie möglich, dieses spirituelle Stadium mit den vielen Vorraussetzungen und Möglichkeiten, die uns gegeben werden, dazu nutzen, um uns dem Gekreuzigten Christus mehr anzunähern, um uns von Ihm helfen zu lassen und uns an der Heiligen Auferstehung geistliche verwandelt zu erfreuen, nachdem wir die Große Vierzitägige Fastenzeit spirituell bewusster gelebt haben werden.
Ich wünsche viel Kraft während der Großen Vierzigtägigen Fastenzeit, um nahe bei Christus den Golgotha zu ersteigen, gemeisam mit der Allheiligen (Gottesmutter) und eurem Schutzpatron dem heiligen Johannes dem Theologen, um an der schauderhaften Passion unseres Herrn teilzuhaben. Amen.
Freie Übersetzung aus dem Griechischen allein zur Nutzung in diesem Blog vom Buch "Über das Gebet" (hl.Kloster Evangelist Johannes der Theologe/ Souroti, Thessaloniki 2012), S.199-200.
Donnerstag, 7. April 2016
OUR HOLY FATHER JUSTIN POPOVIC - Life Of Our Father Justin Archimandrite of Chelije
Written By Reverend Father Daniel Rogich
In the Name of the Father,
the Son, and the Holy Spirit:
Holy love has a way of consuming some. This is what is meant by one who said "Thou hast ravished our hearts, ravished them" (Song of Songs 4:9). And it make others bright and overjoyed. In this regard it has been said "My heart hath hope in Him, and I am helped and my flesh hath flourish again" (Ps. 27:7). "For when the heart is cheerful, the face beams" (cf.Prov.15:13), and "a person flooded with the love of God reveals in his body, as if in a mirror, the splendor of his soul, a glory like of Moses when he came face to face with God" (cf. Ex. 34:29-35) - St. John Climacus.
OUR HOLY FATHER JUSTIN, Abbot of Chelije Monastery in Valjevo, western Serbia, was born to pious and God-fearing parents, Prota (Priest) Spyridon and Protinica (Presbytera) Anastasia Popovich, in Vranje, South Serbia, on the Feast of Annunciation, March 25, 1894. He was born into a priestly family, as seven previous generations of the Popoviches (Popovich in Serbian actually means "family or a son of a priest") were headed by priests. At baptism, he was given the name Blagoje, after the Feast of the Annunciation (Blagovest means Annunciation or Good News). Being raised in a pious Christian atmosphere, young Blagoje learned quite early of the virtuous life in Christ as dedicated in service to God's holy Church. As a child, he often visited with his parents the Prohor Pchinjski Monastery, dedicated to St. Prophor the Miracle worker (see Oct. 19th). He witnessed firsthand the miraculous power of the Lord manifested through St. Prohor, as his mother Anastasia was healed of a deadly disease by the Saint's intercessions when Blagoje was still a young boy.
the Son, and the Holy Spirit:
Holy love has a way of consuming some. This is what is meant by one who said "Thou hast ravished our hearts, ravished them" (Song of Songs 4:9). And it make others bright and overjoyed. In this regard it has been said "My heart hath hope in Him, and I am helped and my flesh hath flourish again" (Ps. 27:7). "For when the heart is cheerful, the face beams" (cf.Prov.15:13), and "a person flooded with the love of God reveals in his body, as if in a mirror, the splendor of his soul, a glory like of Moses when he came face to face with God" (cf. Ex. 34:29-35) - St. John Climacus.
OUR HOLY FATHER JUSTIN, Abbot of Chelije Monastery in Valjevo, western Serbia, was born to pious and God-fearing parents, Prota (Priest) Spyridon and Protinica (Presbytera) Anastasia Popovich, in Vranje, South Serbia, on the Feast of Annunciation, March 25, 1894. He was born into a priestly family, as seven previous generations of the Popoviches (Popovich in Serbian actually means "family or a son of a priest") were headed by priests. At baptism, he was given the name Blagoje, after the Feast of the Annunciation (Blagovest means Annunciation or Good News). Being raised in a pious Christian atmosphere, young Blagoje learned quite early of the virtuous life in Christ as dedicated in service to God's holy Church. As a child, he often visited with his parents the Prohor Pchinjski Monastery, dedicated to St. Prophor the Miracle worker (see Oct. 19th). He witnessed firsthand the miraculous power of the Lord manifested through St. Prohor, as his mother Anastasia was healed of a deadly disease by the Saint's intercessions when Blagoje was still a young boy.
Blagoje
was an excellent student in elementary school. His greatest love was
for the Bible, and the four Gospels in particular. He began serious
reading of the Bible at age fourteen, and throughout the rest of his
life he carried the New Testament on his person, reading faithfully
three chapters a day. In 1905 after finishing the fourth grade in
Vranje, following the tradition of the Popovich family, young Blagoje
entered the nine-year program of secular and religious study at the
Seminary and Faculty of St. Sava in Belgrade. In the early twentieth
century the School of St. Sava in Belgrade was renowned throughout the
Orthodox world as a holy place of extreme asceticism as well as of a
high quality of scholarship. Some of the well-known professors, were
the rector, Fr. Domentian; Professor Fr. Dositheus, later a bishop, and
Athanasius Popovich, and the great ecclesiastical composer, Stevan
Mokranjac. Yet one professor stood head and shoulders above the rest:
the then Hieromonk Nikolai Velimirovich, Ph. D. (see March 18th). Fr.
Nickolai the single most influential person in his life. From the
Venerable Nikolai, Blagoje learned of the virtuous ascetic life in
Christ the Lord, of the doctrinal genius of the great Fathers of the
Church, and of the spiritual and intellectual effort needed to probe the
important philosophical and theological questions of the day. In the
end, both of these two spiritual geniuses possessed a commitment to
Christ the Lord, provided them with a truly Orthodox vision of life,
which in turn made them the two greatest voices of the Serbian Orthodox
Church in modern times. Both Nikolai and Blagoje, later Monk Justin,
sought to "speak the truth in love" to a passing world.
The sought the answers to the world's most pressing problems in the teachings of the Scriptures and the Fathers of the Church, and especially in the experiences found in the Lives of the Saints. The saints were for them "living Bibles" "incarnate dogmas", and the true source of Orthodox theology, experiential knowledge of God and existential pedagogical truth valid for all times.
In 1914, at age twenty, Blagoje finished the nine-year program of St. Sava's in Belgrade. At this time he had only one desire in mind: that I may dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of my life, that I may behold the delight of the Lord, and that I may visit His holy temple {Ps. 26:4}. With this hunger and thirst for righteousness driving him, Blagoje wanted to radically devote his life to Christ in the monastic vocation. However, due to the beginning of World War I in 1914, and the declining health of his parents, Blagoje decided to postpone his entrance into the monastic ranks.
During the early part of World War I, autumn of 1914, Blagoje served as a student nurse primarily in South Serbia-Skadar, Nish, Kosovo, etc. Unfortunately, while in this capacity, he contracted typhus during the winter of 1914 and had to spend over a month in a hospital in Nish. On January 8, 1915, he resumed his duties. It suites to say that Blagoje and the rest of the aids and nurses, as well as all of the freedom-loving Serbian Christians in South Serbia, suffered bitterly from the effects of war.
On the eve of the Feast of St. Nicholas, his Ksna Slava (family patron saint), 1915, Blagoje returned to Skadar in order to visit Metropolitan Demetrius, who later became the first Patriarch after the patriarchal throne was renewed in 1920. Blagoje received the monastic tonsure in the church in Skadar, taking the name Justin, after the great Christian philosopher and martyr for Christ, St. Justin the Philosopher (t. 166). This name was truly a gift and sign from Heaven, for it was as a philosopher and seeker of Christian truth that the humble Monk Justin would later receive glory from God.
Shortly after becoming a monk, Justin, along with several other students who received the Metropolitan's blessing, traveled to Petrograd, Russia, to begin a year's study in the Orthodox Seminary there. It was here the young Monk Justin first dedicated himself more fully to Orthodoxy and the monastic way. He learned of the great ascetics of Russia: Anthony and Theodosius of the Caves in Kiev, Seraphim of Sarov, Sergius of Radonezh, John of Kronstadt, and others. Justin fell in love with Russian spirituality and piety, especially that exhibited by the common folk of the countryside.
After his year's study and sojourn in Russia, Justin entered, by the prompting of his spiritual father Nikolai, the Theological School in Oxford, England. He spent seven semesters at Oxford-November 1916 to May 1919 yet he did not receive a diploma since his doctoral dissertation entitled, "The Philosophy and Religion of Dostoevsky," was not accepted. As a result, Justin returned to Belgrade after the war and became a teacher in the seminary at Karlovac, Srem. At Sremski Kalovac, Justin renewed the ancient study of the Lives of the Saints as being a proper theological focus and most important course of study. It was at this time that he received the calling and vision from God to translate into modern Serbian the entire Lives of the Saints of the Orthodox Church, a feast which to this day is truly astounding. In September of 1919, Justin entered the Greek Orthodox School of Theology in Athens, Greece. He spent two years there to finish his doctoral course work. Just as in Russia, Monk Justin traveled through out the countryside of Greece, especially benefiting spiritually from the Greek Orthodox heritage commonly known as the Byzantine legacy. In 1920, venerable Justin was ordained deacon and began to experience another side of the Church's liturgical life: leadership of the worship services. At his liturgical and ascetical life increased, Justin matured spiritually and became known throughout all of Greece as a most pious ascetic. At this time, due to his unceasing prayer to the Most sweet Jesus, Justin was granted by the grace of the Holy Spirit the gift of umilenije coupled with tears.
In May 1921, Deacon Justin returned to Sremski Karlovac and resumed this teaching duties at the Seminary. He learned on the New Testament, Dogmatics, Patristics, and the Lives of the Saints. Prior to each lesson the Scriptures he opened with this short prayer: "O Most Sweet Lord, by the power of Thy Holy Gospel and through Thy Apostles, teach me and announce through me what I am to say."
One year later, on the Feast of the Beheading of John the Baptist, 1922, Venerable Justin was ordained priest by His Holiness Patriarch Dimitrije. Throughout the ordination service, Justin was in tears, crying as a newborn babe in the Lord. His humility attracted many, as his disciples grew rapidly in number. Not only students, but also many lay people came to him for confession, counsel, and spiritual healing. His most beloved disciples were those pious men and women of the Bogomo jack Pokret (Serbian Prayer Movement) originally formed and led by the newly consecrated Bishop Nikolai. The great Bishop Nikolai as the Great Apostle of the twentieth century, as the "New Chrysostom" of all times. These two were as Anthony and Athanasius, and Basil and Gregory of old- "two bodies, yet one mind" -as their love for our Lord Jesus Christ produced much spiritual fruit in the lives of many zealots. Everyone especially enjoyed singing the spiritual songs written by Bishop Nikolai. These ones, written in the vernacular language of the people, were not only quite spiritual and edifying, but also were very didactic and doctrinal in nature. And it was this "praising the Lord in the people's language" which inspired Justin to translate into modern Serbian, from the original Greek text, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom. Following the scriptural and the liturgical tradition of the Church given to the Slavs by the great evangelical missionaries, Cyril and Methodius and their disciples, that is, the tradition of hearing the Word of God and praying in the mother tongue of the people {I Cor. 14:19}, both Justin and Nikolai were able by the energy of the Holy Spirit to edify, enlighten, and confirm in Orthodoxy the pious faithful in their own tongue.
The sought the answers to the world's most pressing problems in the teachings of the Scriptures and the Fathers of the Church, and especially in the experiences found in the Lives of the Saints. The saints were for them "living Bibles" "incarnate dogmas", and the true source of Orthodox theology, experiential knowledge of God and existential pedagogical truth valid for all times.
In 1914, at age twenty, Blagoje finished the nine-year program of St. Sava's in Belgrade. At this time he had only one desire in mind: that I may dwell in the house of the Lord all the days of my life, that I may behold the delight of the Lord, and that I may visit His holy temple {Ps. 26:4}. With this hunger and thirst for righteousness driving him, Blagoje wanted to radically devote his life to Christ in the monastic vocation. However, due to the beginning of World War I in 1914, and the declining health of his parents, Blagoje decided to postpone his entrance into the monastic ranks.
During the early part of World War I, autumn of 1914, Blagoje served as a student nurse primarily in South Serbia-Skadar, Nish, Kosovo, etc. Unfortunately, while in this capacity, he contracted typhus during the winter of 1914 and had to spend over a month in a hospital in Nish. On January 8, 1915, he resumed his duties. It suites to say that Blagoje and the rest of the aids and nurses, as well as all of the freedom-loving Serbian Christians in South Serbia, suffered bitterly from the effects of war.
On the eve of the Feast of St. Nicholas, his Ksna Slava (family patron saint), 1915, Blagoje returned to Skadar in order to visit Metropolitan Demetrius, who later became the first Patriarch after the patriarchal throne was renewed in 1920. Blagoje received the monastic tonsure in the church in Skadar, taking the name Justin, after the great Christian philosopher and martyr for Christ, St. Justin the Philosopher (t. 166). This name was truly a gift and sign from Heaven, for it was as a philosopher and seeker of Christian truth that the humble Monk Justin would later receive glory from God.
Shortly after becoming a monk, Justin, along with several other students who received the Metropolitan's blessing, traveled to Petrograd, Russia, to begin a year's study in the Orthodox Seminary there. It was here the young Monk Justin first dedicated himself more fully to Orthodoxy and the monastic way. He learned of the great ascetics of Russia: Anthony and Theodosius of the Caves in Kiev, Seraphim of Sarov, Sergius of Radonezh, John of Kronstadt, and others. Justin fell in love with Russian spirituality and piety, especially that exhibited by the common folk of the countryside.
After his year's study and sojourn in Russia, Justin entered, by the prompting of his spiritual father Nikolai, the Theological School in Oxford, England. He spent seven semesters at Oxford-November 1916 to May 1919 yet he did not receive a diploma since his doctoral dissertation entitled, "The Philosophy and Religion of Dostoevsky," was not accepted. As a result, Justin returned to Belgrade after the war and became a teacher in the seminary at Karlovac, Srem. At Sremski Kalovac, Justin renewed the ancient study of the Lives of the Saints as being a proper theological focus and most important course of study. It was at this time that he received the calling and vision from God to translate into modern Serbian the entire Lives of the Saints of the Orthodox Church, a feast which to this day is truly astounding. In September of 1919, Justin entered the Greek Orthodox School of Theology in Athens, Greece. He spent two years there to finish his doctoral course work. Just as in Russia, Monk Justin traveled through out the countryside of Greece, especially benefiting spiritually from the Greek Orthodox heritage commonly known as the Byzantine legacy. In 1920, venerable Justin was ordained deacon and began to experience another side of the Church's liturgical life: leadership of the worship services. At his liturgical and ascetical life increased, Justin matured spiritually and became known throughout all of Greece as a most pious ascetic. At this time, due to his unceasing prayer to the Most sweet Jesus, Justin was granted by the grace of the Holy Spirit the gift of umilenije coupled with tears.
In May 1921, Deacon Justin returned to Sremski Karlovac and resumed this teaching duties at the Seminary. He learned on the New Testament, Dogmatics, Patristics, and the Lives of the Saints. Prior to each lesson the Scriptures he opened with this short prayer: "O Most Sweet Lord, by the power of Thy Holy Gospel and through Thy Apostles, teach me and announce through me what I am to say."
One year later, on the Feast of the Beheading of John the Baptist, 1922, Venerable Justin was ordained priest by His Holiness Patriarch Dimitrije. Throughout the ordination service, Justin was in tears, crying as a newborn babe in the Lord. His humility attracted many, as his disciples grew rapidly in number. Not only students, but also many lay people came to him for confession, counsel, and spiritual healing. His most beloved disciples were those pious men and women of the Bogomo jack Pokret (Serbian Prayer Movement) originally formed and led by the newly consecrated Bishop Nikolai. The great Bishop Nikolai as the Great Apostle of the twentieth century, as the "New Chrysostom" of all times. These two were as Anthony and Athanasius, and Basil and Gregory of old- "two bodies, yet one mind" -as their love for our Lord Jesus Christ produced much spiritual fruit in the lives of many zealots. Everyone especially enjoyed singing the spiritual songs written by Bishop Nikolai. These ones, written in the vernacular language of the people, were not only quite spiritual and edifying, but also were very didactic and doctrinal in nature. And it was this "praising the Lord in the people's language" which inspired Justin to translate into modern Serbian, from the original Greek text, the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom. Following the scriptural and the liturgical tradition of the Church given to the Slavs by the great evangelical missionaries, Cyril and Methodius and their disciples, that is, the tradition of hearing the Word of God and praying in the mother tongue of the people {I Cor. 14:19}, both Justin and Nikolai were able by the energy of the Holy Spirit to edify, enlighten, and confirm in Orthodoxy the pious faithful in their own tongue.
The
zealous Fr. Justin was also close contact at this time with two great
Russian Orthodox pastors: Metropolitan Anthony Khrapovitsky, who taught
at the Seminary in Sremski Karlova, the exiled Russian Bishop John
Maximovitch. Holy Father John, a man of extreme asceticism, was truly a
miracle-worker, and his coming later to America-where he reposed in the
Lord in San Francisco-became a blessing and visitation from the Lord
for those God-seekers there.
In 1923, Fr. Justin became the editor of the Orthodox journal Christian Life; and in this journal appeared his first doctoral dissertation, "The Philosophy and Religion of Dostoevsky," for which he was persecuted at Oxford. Three years later, in 1926, his second doctoral dissertation, "The Problem of Person and Knowledge in St. Macarius of Egypt," was published in Greek in Athens. Fr. Justin was now on his way to establishing himself as a modern Father of the Church. For his course on the Lives of the Saints, Justin began to translate into Serbian the Lives of the Saints from the Greek, Syriac and Slavonic sources, as well as numerous minor works of the Fathers-homilies of John Chrysostom, Macarius, and Isaac the Syrian. He also wrote an exquisite book, The Theory of Knowledge According to St. Isaac. Justin's blossoming literary genius amazed everyone.
In 1931, after a stint as Professor in the Theological Academy in Prizren, the brilliant Fr. Justin was requested by the Holy Synod in Belgrade to assist Bishop Joseph (Cvijovich) of Bitola in reorganizing the Church of the Carpatho-Russians in Czechoslovakia. This area had been besieged by those espousing Uniatism. Justin, an established defender of the faith, was a great aid to the reorganization of the Orthodox Church of Czechoslovakia. This experience made him realize a tremendous need of the Serbs: to have in their mother tongue an exact and complete exposition of the Orthodox faith. As a result, he began writing, after his return to Bitola in 1932, his monumental work, The Dogmas of the Orthodox Church, in three volumes. Volume one, published in late 1932, dealt with the sources and method of theology, the nature of God and the teaching on the Holy Trinity, creation, and divine providence. This volume was so well received that Dr. Justin was chosen, in 1934, as Professor of Dogmatics at the Theological Faculty of St. Sava in Belgrade. One year later, this hard-working writer completed the second volume, entitled, The God Man and His Work: Christology and Soteriology. There is so doubt that these two volumes and the third and final volume, Ecclesiology: Teaching on the Church, published later in 1970 are the most complete with his most ascetical vision of life, produced for all Christians a magnificent analysis of the ancient faith of the Church.
In 1938, Fr. Justin, along with a number of noted intellectuals of Belgrade, founded the Serbian Philosophical Society. Holy Father Justin began at this time to probe the philosophical and world issues of his day. His penetrating mind was fully displayed in two books: The Foundations of Theology (1939) and Dostoevsky on Europe and Slavism (1940). Both of these works dealt with the nature and method of theology, and the spirit and vision of western civilization. Fr. Justin was never fearful of telling the truth concerning the fallen state of humankind and, particularly, the follies of Western Eupropean religious and secular life.
Father Justin remained in the capacity of Professor Dogmatics in Belgrade until the end of World War II. Within the perspective of the newly established communist and atheistic regime, the likes of a zealous Christian such as Father Justin, who was now beginning to convert the intellectuals to faith in Jesus Christ, had no place. He, alone with several other teachers, was ousted from the university system in Belgrade and told never to return. Thus ended the university teaching career in Belgrade of the great Rev. Dr. Justin Popovich.
For two years after his exile from Belgrade, the ascetic Justin lived in several monasteries in Serbia-Kalenich, Ovchar, Sukovo, and Ravanitsa-and on May 14, 1948, he entered Chelije Monastery near the village of Lelich, only a few miles from the major town of Valjevo, Western Serbia. Father Justin remained in Chelije Monastery until his repose in the Lord on March 25, 1979. He became Archimandrite there and was the spiritual head of the Monastery. Under his guidance, Chelije Monastery became a convent. A school of iconography, renewing the Serbo-Byzantine style, was also begun there, and a new chapel dedicated to St. John Chrysostom as well as residential quarters were constructed in 1970. Many pious people from all parts of Yugoslavia, Greece, the Balkans, and literally all parts of the world came to hear him preach and teach the correct faith and life in Christ by the energy of the Holy Spirit. Without a doubt, from the end of World War I until his reposed in the Lord, Archimandrite Justin was the pillar of Orthodoxy in his homeland.
During the time of confinement in Chelije Monastery, he accomplished an amazing literary feat: he translated and compiled from various sources twelve volumes (one per month) of the Lives of the Saints. Father Justin communed of the Holy Gifts daily, for the Eucharist, the Precious Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, was his "daily bread" and the true source of his entire life, work, teaching, and existence. His words, deed and thoughts exuded a lifestyle reminiscent of the ancient Fathers of the Church. Another Father of the Church walked this earth in the person of St. Justin.
In addition to the Lives of the Saints, the following is an incomplete list of the writings he produced in Chelije, some of which are still unpublished, plays a highly analytical and perceptive mind and heart. He actually created a new theological and philosophical language necessary to reach the heart of the modern human being. And his writings and teachings reflect a genuine and total commitment to the Lord Jesus Christ, a commitment characterized by extreme asceticism, as well as by the contemplative vision of the Divine Light of God the Holy Trinity. He was "living dogma" and a "flute of the Spirit" reflecting the divine love of God the Holy Trinity. Theology was life to St. Justin.
St. Justin fell asleep in the Lord on March 25, 1979, on his birthday, the Feast of the Annunciation. He was 85 years of age. After his most honorable burial which was attended by hundreds of pious believers who came from many parts of the world, he was laid to rest facing east behind the main church of Chelije Monastery. To this day eulogies praising his virtue and love of Christ continue to be heard from all parts of the Orthodox world. Also, miracles have occurred at his grave site, such as headings, flashes of brilliant and divine light from his tomb, as well as many conversions of unbelievers who have either read his writings or have been personally visited by Almighty God through the prayers of St. Justin.
Truly St. Justin's legacy is a great one. Many disciples are now extolling his name and imitating his life by drinking from the inexhaustible riches of grace and truth which he revealed to us. Add another modern Orthodox Christian saint to the Church calendar!
"O Holy Father Justin, thy sweetness of life refreshes our souls. Thy love for truth and desire to live with all the saints is a reminder to us of our own calling from God to pursue virtue, that we, most unenlightened and miserable sinners, may open our hearts to the knowledge of Truth Incarnate, the Lord Jesus Christ, to Whom belongs glory, honor and worship, together with His Unoriginate Father, and Life-giving Spirit, now and ever and unto the ages of ages. Amen.
I would like to humbly thank the servant of our Lord Dejan Janjic, who kindly shared with me this spiritually rewarding text on the "Life Of Our Father Justin Archimandrite of Chelije".
Holy Father Justin,
Pray Unto God For Us!
GLORY BE TO GOD FOR ALL THINGS!
In 1923, Fr. Justin became the editor of the Orthodox journal Christian Life; and in this journal appeared his first doctoral dissertation, "The Philosophy and Religion of Dostoevsky," for which he was persecuted at Oxford. Three years later, in 1926, his second doctoral dissertation, "The Problem of Person and Knowledge in St. Macarius of Egypt," was published in Greek in Athens. Fr. Justin was now on his way to establishing himself as a modern Father of the Church. For his course on the Lives of the Saints, Justin began to translate into Serbian the Lives of the Saints from the Greek, Syriac and Slavonic sources, as well as numerous minor works of the Fathers-homilies of John Chrysostom, Macarius, and Isaac the Syrian. He also wrote an exquisite book, The Theory of Knowledge According to St. Isaac. Justin's blossoming literary genius amazed everyone.
In 1931, after a stint as Professor in the Theological Academy in Prizren, the brilliant Fr. Justin was requested by the Holy Synod in Belgrade to assist Bishop Joseph (Cvijovich) of Bitola in reorganizing the Church of the Carpatho-Russians in Czechoslovakia. This area had been besieged by those espousing Uniatism. Justin, an established defender of the faith, was a great aid to the reorganization of the Orthodox Church of Czechoslovakia. This experience made him realize a tremendous need of the Serbs: to have in their mother tongue an exact and complete exposition of the Orthodox faith. As a result, he began writing, after his return to Bitola in 1932, his monumental work, The Dogmas of the Orthodox Church, in three volumes. Volume one, published in late 1932, dealt with the sources and method of theology, the nature of God and the teaching on the Holy Trinity, creation, and divine providence. This volume was so well received that Dr. Justin was chosen, in 1934, as Professor of Dogmatics at the Theological Faculty of St. Sava in Belgrade. One year later, this hard-working writer completed the second volume, entitled, The God Man and His Work: Christology and Soteriology. There is so doubt that these two volumes and the third and final volume, Ecclesiology: Teaching on the Church, published later in 1970 are the most complete with his most ascetical vision of life, produced for all Christians a magnificent analysis of the ancient faith of the Church.
In 1938, Fr. Justin, along with a number of noted intellectuals of Belgrade, founded the Serbian Philosophical Society. Holy Father Justin began at this time to probe the philosophical and world issues of his day. His penetrating mind was fully displayed in two books: The Foundations of Theology (1939) and Dostoevsky on Europe and Slavism (1940). Both of these works dealt with the nature and method of theology, and the spirit and vision of western civilization. Fr. Justin was never fearful of telling the truth concerning the fallen state of humankind and, particularly, the follies of Western Eupropean religious and secular life.
Father Justin remained in the capacity of Professor Dogmatics in Belgrade until the end of World War II. Within the perspective of the newly established communist and atheistic regime, the likes of a zealous Christian such as Father Justin, who was now beginning to convert the intellectuals to faith in Jesus Christ, had no place. He, alone with several other teachers, was ousted from the university system in Belgrade and told never to return. Thus ended the university teaching career in Belgrade of the great Rev. Dr. Justin Popovich.
For two years after his exile from Belgrade, the ascetic Justin lived in several monasteries in Serbia-Kalenich, Ovchar, Sukovo, and Ravanitsa-and on May 14, 1948, he entered Chelije Monastery near the village of Lelich, only a few miles from the major town of Valjevo, Western Serbia. Father Justin remained in Chelije Monastery until his repose in the Lord on March 25, 1979. He became Archimandrite there and was the spiritual head of the Monastery. Under his guidance, Chelije Monastery became a convent. A school of iconography, renewing the Serbo-Byzantine style, was also begun there, and a new chapel dedicated to St. John Chrysostom as well as residential quarters were constructed in 1970. Many pious people from all parts of Yugoslavia, Greece, the Balkans, and literally all parts of the world came to hear him preach and teach the correct faith and life in Christ by the energy of the Holy Spirit. Without a doubt, from the end of World War I until his reposed in the Lord, Archimandrite Justin was the pillar of Orthodoxy in his homeland.
During the time of confinement in Chelije Monastery, he accomplished an amazing literary feat: he translated and compiled from various sources twelve volumes (one per month) of the Lives of the Saints. Father Justin communed of the Holy Gifts daily, for the Eucharist, the Precious Body and Blood of our Lord Jesus Christ, was his "daily bread" and the true source of his entire life, work, teaching, and existence. His words, deed and thoughts exuded a lifestyle reminiscent of the ancient Fathers of the Church. Another Father of the Church walked this earth in the person of St. Justin.
In addition to the Lives of the Saints, the following is an incomplete list of the writings he produced in Chelije, some of which are still unpublished, plays a highly analytical and perceptive mind and heart. He actually created a new theological and philosophical language necessary to reach the heart of the modern human being. And his writings and teachings reflect a genuine and total commitment to the Lord Jesus Christ, a commitment characterized by extreme asceticism, as well as by the contemplative vision of the Divine Light of God the Holy Trinity. He was "living dogma" and a "flute of the Spirit" reflecting the divine love of God the Holy Trinity. Theology was life to St. Justin.
St. Justin fell asleep in the Lord on March 25, 1979, on his birthday, the Feast of the Annunciation. He was 85 years of age. After his most honorable burial which was attended by hundreds of pious believers who came from many parts of the world, he was laid to rest facing east behind the main church of Chelije Monastery. To this day eulogies praising his virtue and love of Christ continue to be heard from all parts of the Orthodox world. Also, miracles have occurred at his grave site, such as headings, flashes of brilliant and divine light from his tomb, as well as many conversions of unbelievers who have either read his writings or have been personally visited by Almighty God through the prayers of St. Justin.
Truly St. Justin's legacy is a great one. Many disciples are now extolling his name and imitating his life by drinking from the inexhaustible riches of grace and truth which he revealed to us. Add another modern Orthodox Christian saint to the Church calendar!
"O Holy Father Justin, thy sweetness of life refreshes our souls. Thy love for truth and desire to live with all the saints is a reminder to us of our own calling from God to pursue virtue, that we, most unenlightened and miserable sinners, may open our hearts to the knowledge of Truth Incarnate, the Lord Jesus Christ, to Whom belongs glory, honor and worship, together with His Unoriginate Father, and Life-giving Spirit, now and ever and unto the ages of ages. Amen.
I would like to humbly thank the servant of our Lord Dejan Janjic, who kindly shared with me this spiritually rewarding text on the "Life Of Our Father Justin Archimandrite of Chelije".
Holy Father Justin,
Pray Unto God For Us!
GLORY BE TO GOD FOR ALL THINGS!
Troparion, Tone 4
As Orthodox sweetness and divine nectar, Venerable Father* thou dost flow into the hearts of believers as a wealth:* by thy life and teachings thou didst reveal thyself to be a living book of the Spirit, most wise Justin;* therefore pray to Christ the Word* that the Word may dwell in those who honor thee.
Source and thanks to: http://o-nekros.blogspot.de
Gedanken und Unterweisungen zum Christ Sein- Seliger Justin Popovic († 1979)
Selig sind die Barmherzigen, denn sie werden Barmherzigkeit erlangen.
Hier ist eine Seligpreisung, in der alles zunächst vom Menschen und erst dann von Gott abhängt; in welcher der Mensch gegenüber Gott zum Schuldner wird; in welcher der Mensch nach der Einstellung mit Gott gleichgesellt wird. Woher das? - Daher, daß keine Tugend so notwendig für den Menschen ist, wie die göttliche Barmherzigkeit. Im ganzen Leben, in allen Momenten des Daseins, ist etwa den Menschen etwas notwendiger als die Barmherzigkeit Gottes? Ja, das ganze Leben des Menschen in seiner ganzen körperlichen und geistlichen Verschiedenheit und Komplizität hängt von der sichtbaren und unsichtbaren Barmherzigkeit Gottes ab. Zum Sehen braucht das Auge des Menschen die Sonne. Scheint die Sonne etwa nicht nach der Barmherzigkeit Gottes? Zum Hören braucht das menschliche Ohr die Luft. Ist die Luft etwa nicht ein Geschenk der Barmherzigkeit Gottes? Wer von den Menschen würde die Luft schaffen, wenn es sie nicht gäbe? Was für das Auge und das Ohr des Menschen gilt, das gilt auch für seinen gesamten Körper und für alle Funktionen des Körpers. Und für die Seele? - Für sie gilt die gleiche Grundlage, nur weit höher und weit schärfer. Wie denkt der Gedanke und wie fühlt das Gefühl? Nur durch das Geschenk Gottes und durch die Barmherzigkeit Gottes, denn Gott schenkte der gottähnlichen Seele des Menschen die Fähigkeit zu denken und zu fühlen. Wäre es nicht so, welcher Mensch wäre imstande, die Seele zu schaffen, welche denkt und fühlt, wenn nicht ein Mensch imstande ist, auch nur ein Blatt des Veilchens oder ein Steinchen zu machen. Und das menschliche Gewissen? Ist nicht auch dies ein Geschenk, das den Menschen durch die äußerste Barmherzigkeit Gottes gegeben wurde? In einem Wort: der ganze Mensch steht und besteht durch die Barmherzigkeit Gottes. Das empfindet jeder Mensch, der sich auch nur im geringsten ernsthaft in das rätselhafte Geheimnis des menschlichen Lebens auf der Erde vertieft. Daher wird in der fünften Seligpreisung vom Menschen auch verlangt, daß er sein Verhältnis gegenüber den Menschen nach dem Gesetz der göttlichen Barmherzigkeit definiert. Der Mensch besteht und lebt nach der Barmherzigkeit Gottes und von der Barmherzigkeit Gottes.
Westeuropa und der Wandel zum Humanismus
In
Westeuropa ist das Christentum nach und nach in den Humanismus
umgewandelt worden. Über einen langen Zeitraum und beharrlich hat der
Gott-Mensch stetig an Bedeutung verloren. Er wurde verändert. Er wurde
eingeschränkt und letztlich auf das bloß Menschliche reduziert: Auf den „
unfehlbaren“ Menschen in Rom und auf die gleichermaßen „ unfehlbaren“
Menschen in London und Berlin.
Auf
diese Art und Weise ist das Papsttum entstanden, nämlich indem es
Christus alles Wesentliche wegnahm, wie es gleichermaßen im
Protestantismus geschehen ist.
Wenig
nach Christus fragen und sehr oft nicht einmal das. Sowohl im Papsttum
wie auch im Protestantismus hat das schlicht Menschliche den
Gott-Menschen ersetzt, sowohl als höchsten Wert als auch höchstes
Kriterium.
Das
Wirken und die Lehren des Gott-Menschen wurden gründlichen und
bedauerlichen Veränderungen unterzogen. Das Papsttum hat sich beständig
und nachhaltig darum bemüht, den göttlichen Menschen durch einen
Sterblichen zu ersetzen, bis schließlich der Gott-Mensch Christus durch
das Dogma der Unfehlbarkeit des Papstes ( eines Sterblichen) ein für
allemal durch einen kurzlebigen „unfehlbaren“ Menschen ersetzt wurde.
Denn diesem Dogma zufolge wurde der Papst endgültig und eindeutig als
höher stehend verkündet - nicht nur allen Menschen, sondern auch den
Aposteln, den heiligen Vätern und den heiligen ökumenischen Konzilien
gegenüber.
Durch
derartige Abweichung vom Gott-Menschen Christus, von der ökumenischen
Kirche, hat das Papsttum sogar Luther, den Begründer des Protestantismus
übertroffen.
Aus
diesem Grunde sollte der erste radikale Protest, der im Namen des
Humanismus gegen den Gott-Menschen Christus und seinen
göttlich-menschlichen Leib - die Kirche - artikuliert wurde, im Papsttum
und nicht im Luthertum gesehen werden.
Das Papsttum ist in der Tat die älteste Form des Protestantismus.
--Seliger Justin Popovic
Montag, 4. April 2016
Freitag, 1. April 2016
Einige Geistliche Unterweisungen- hl. Altvater Paisios vom Berg Athos
Biene und Fliege
Aus meiner eigenen Erfahrung weiß ich, daß das Leben der
Menschen in zwei Kategorien einzuteilen ist. Es gibt keine dritte:
Entweder gehört der Mensch zur ersten oder zur zweiten. Die eine
Kategorie der Menschen ist einer Fliege ähnlich. Eine Fliege ist
dadurch charakterisiert, daß sie sich immer auf Schmutziges setzt.
Zum Beispiel, wenn es viele süßduftende Blumen gibt und irgendein
Tier macht eine Ecke im Garten schmutzig, wird sie durch den
schönen Garten fliegen, ohne sich auf irgendeine der Blumen zu
setzen. Erst wenn sie die Ausscheidungen sieht, wird sie geradewegs
herunterkommen und anfangen, darin zu graben. Sie genießt den
Gestank, der dann durch das Aufwühlen entsteht, und kann sich
davon nicht losreißen.
Wenn sie die Möglichkeit hätte zu sprechen und ihr sie fangen
und fragen würdet, ob sie wisse, wo die Rosen im Garten seien,
würde sie antworten, daß sie nicht wisse, was das sei. Sie würde
sagen: tIch weiß, wo es Senkgruben, Toiletten, Tierexkremente,
Schmutz gibt...! Genauso ist es im Leben, wo es Menschern gibt, die
einer Fliege ähneln. Das ist die Kategorie von Menschen, die gelernt
haben, über alles negativ zu denken und überall das Schlechte zu
entdecken, wobei sie all das Gute nicht bemerken und es ignorieren.
Die andere Kategorie der Menschen ähnelt einer Biene. Die
charakteristische Eigenschaft einer Biene besteht darin, daß sie etwas
Schönes und Süßes findet und sich darauf setzt. Nehmen wir zum
Beispiel an, daß jemand in einem schmutzigen Raum eine Vase mit
Blumen aufgestellt hat. Wenn eine Biene hineinfliegt, wird sie an
allem Schmutzigen vorüberfliegen und sich nirgendwo niederlassen,
solange sie nicht eine Blume gefunden hat und sich auf sie setzt.
Wenn ihr diese Biene fangen und sie fragen würdet, wo Abfall
und Senkgruben seien, würde sie antworten, sie habe nichts dergleichen
bemerkt, doch es gab gewiß Hortensien, Rosen, und weiter
hinten gab es noch mehr Rosen und dann Veilchen, und dort drüben
war Honig, und an dieser Stelle Zucker...
Es wird sich herausstellen, daß sie eine Kennerin alles Guten ist
und keine Ahnung von etwas Schlechtem hat. Genauso gehört der
Mensch entweder zur Kategorie der Fliege oder der Biene.
Der Altvater kam zu folgendem Abschluß: Wenn mich Menschen
besuchen und andere anklagen, gebe ich ihnen dieses Beispiel
und lege ihnen nahe zu wählen, zu welcher Kategorie sie gehören
und gleichfalls festzustellen, zu welcher Kategorie die Menschen
gehören, die sie anklagen.
Beispiele guter und schlechter Gedanken
Einmal kam ein Junge, ungefähr 17 Jahre alt, und klopfte an die
Tür, so daß ich sie öffnete. Ich trat heraus und näherte mich dem
Zaun.
- "Ich möchte Vater Paisios sehen", sagte er. Ich sagte ihm, um seine
Neigung zu prüfen: "Er ist nicht hier. Er ist nach Kariés gegangen,
um Zigaretten zu kaufen." - "Nun gut, dann werde ich auf ihn warten", antwortete der Junge,
der stets gute Gedanken im Kopf hatte.
- "Geh!", sagte ich ihm, "warum willst du denn auf ihn warten?" - "Nein, Vater, ich möchte ihn sehen!", beharrte der Junge. Er hatte
eine gute Veranlagung, und ich konnte ihn nicht durcheinanderbringen,
trotz der Tatsache, daß ich ihn lange quälte. Er akzeptierte
keinen schlechten Gedanken. Er hatte eine gute Seele.
Einmal kam ein Mann, der keine guten Gedanken hatte, mich
besuchen, damit ich ihn als Novizen aufzunehme.
- "Ich habe hier keine Novizen. Zuerst wegen der vielen Menschen,
die hier als Kellner arbeiten wollen und dabei irgendeinen
Gewinn machen möchten, aber nicht als Mönche, denen es um das
Geistliche geht. Zweitens, da ich nun schon viele Jahre Mönch bin,
habe ich ein bißchen was Gutes angesammelt, genauso aber auch
einige Schwächen, die ich noch nicht losgeworden bin. Und wenn
Sie hierher kämen _ sagte ich ihm _ dann würde Ihnen sogar das
Gute (Fasten, Nachtwachen, Gebet usw.) schaden, denn Sie wären
nicht in der Lage, es zu befolgen, und meine Schwächen werden
Ihnen auch schaden, denn Sie würden sie nicht ertragen können.
Deshalb werde ich Sie nicht akzeptieren." Nachdem er das gehört hatte, begann er andere Klöster aufzusuchen.
Nach einigen Tagen, als ich im Garten war und zwei Tomaten
mit etwas trockenem Brot aß, begann ich über die segensvollen Taten
Gottes nachzudenken, die Er für mich vollbracht hat. Ich begann
Gott zu danken, daß Er mir solch ein wunderbares Haus an diesem
schönen Ort gegeben hatte, um das mich viele Reiche beneiden
würden, denn sie könnten wünschen, solch ein Häuschen für ihre
Freizeit zu haben. Ich dachte, daß das nun mein Haus sei, ohne daß
ich dafür Miete bezahlen muß, für die, um sie aufzubringen, andere
Menschen hart zu arbeiten hätten. Außerdem habe ich meine
tägliche Nahrung, und um sie zu haben, muß ich nicht in der Fabrik
arbeiten wie viele andere. Daß ich an einem heiligen Ort lebe, wo es
so viele gute Brüder gibt. Als ich an all das dachte, wurde ich von
solcher Zerknirschung wegen meiner Dankbarkeit für diese
großen göttlichen Segnungen erfüllt, daß ich zu weinen begann und
nicht mehr weiteressen konnte.
Als ich in solch gerührter Verfassung war, kam der junge Mann,
der mich ein paar Tage zuvor gefragt hatte, ob ich ihn als Novize
akzeptieren würde, hinauf an den Zaun. Damit er mich nicht weinen
sähe, ging ich sofort in mein Kellion, wusch mein Gesicht und
brachte mich in Ordnung, dann ging ich zur offenen Tür.
Offensichtlich von dieser Verzögerung in Versuchung geführt,
sagte er zu mir: "So ist das also, he?! Und dich hält man für einen
Asketen? Du hast Fleisch gegessen, und als du mich gesehen hast,
bist du sofort verschwunden, damit ich dich nicht sehe. Jetzt habe
ich begriffen, was du in Wahrheit bist!" Durch solch eine Anschuldigung verblüfft, lachte ich und
versuchte mich nicht zu rechtfertigen. Ich war nur erstaunt darüber,
wie leicht er für schlechte Gedanken den Weg freimachte.
Der Altvater sagte: Laßt uns niemals jemanden verurteilen.
Wenn wir sehen, daß jemand eine Sünde begeht, laßt uns weinen
und Gott bitten, ihm zu vergeben. Wenn wir die Fehler der anderen
verurteilen, bedeutet das, daß unser geistlicher Blick noch nicht
gereinigt ist. Derjenige, der seinem Nächsten hilft, empfängt Hilfe
von Gott. Derjenige, der ihn mit Neid und Bosheit verurteilt, hat
Gott als seinen eigenen Richter. Laßt uns keinen richten. Laßt uns
jeden für einen Heiligen halten und uns selbst für Sünder. Man
kann den Nächsten nicht nur durch Worte, sondern geistig und
durch die innere Einstellung des Herzens verurteilen. Die innere
Einstellung färbt unsere Worte und Gedanken. Auf jeden Fall ist es besser, in unseren Überlegungen zurückhaltend zu sein, um nicht in
das Verurteilen zu fallen. Mit anderen Worten, laßt uns vermeiden,
uns dem Feuer zu nähern, andernfalls werden wir uns verbrennen
oder uns am Rauch vergiften. Es ist besser, uns selbst zu richten und
aufzuhören, an den Fehlern der anderen interessiert zu sein.^
Und bei anderer Gelegenheit: Man sollte niemals, auch nicht
unter den schlimmsten Umständen, einem negativen Gedanken
gestatten, in unsere Seele einzudringen. Der Mensch, der unter allen
Umständen die Neigung zu guten Gedanken bewahrt, wird stets
gewinnen; sein Leben wird ein ständiges Fest sein, denn es wird
immer auf gutem Denken basieren.
Quelle: "Altvater Paisios vom Berg Athos - Der hesychstische Weg des Friedens", Zusammengestellt von
Bischof Alexander (Mileant), Johannes A. Wolf und
Christos V.M. Tagarakis
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